Traditionally, people generally think that the decision is from a few selected scheme selected an optimal action plan. Decision-making process includes a series of activities--investigation and analysis and decision-making. It is a stage, complex activity involves many aspects. Decision making includes four stages (Dianne, Robert, 2007):
Stage 1: Collecting information
First of all, you should collect relevant information within the organization in the organizational environment in every aspect such as economy, technology and social information. By collecting situation, found that the problem and development trend of the nature of the problem, make the right assessment, and find out the crux of the problem. Intelligence collection should be as comprehensive as possible, and real, otherwise the decision may have misled effect, later is likely to make wrong decisions.
Stage 2: Making alternative plans
Making alternative plans means that you should make possible action plan on the basis of the target, according to the information collected. At this time there may be several candidate solutions, decision making is the fundamental choice, chosen solution for quality and quantity of the reasonable decision has a great influence, so as far as possible put forward a variety of solutions, avoid missed good solution.
Stage 3: Selecting a plan and implementation
The third stage is selecting an action plan from the available selected solutions. Then according to the situation and forecast of the future, select one of the most appropriate solutions. In the options, the first to determine the standard of selection, and estimates of solutions should be clearly, make the decision to keep certain scalability and flexibility. Will formulate implementation plans chosen, the implementation of the scheme also is very important one link, also want to develop a reasonable implementation plan, the plan is clear and specific. There is a reasonable allocation of time, for the allocation of human, financial and also should make a clear. In execution decision, but also completes the propaganda work of decision-making, make the organization members can correct understanding of decision-making, at the same time make an atmosphere conducive to decision making.
Stage 4: Evaluating the plan
Evaluating the plan is to evaluate what have done in the past choices in the process of the execution of the decision. Through the assessment and review, we can give a feedback about the practice of the specific situation to the decision-makers. If there is a deviation, correct in a timely manner, to ensure smooth implementation decisions can, or sometimes just modify the decision itself, in order to make decision-making more scientific and reasonable. And, by performing a review and make superior understanding of the organization of decision-making, the implementation of this department's decision, provide information for later they make decisions.
Every stage of these four phases itself is a complicated decision-making process. Problem confirmation need to decision making, and draw up all kinds of the nature of the selected scheme makes the decision more obvious. So, we can't think only decision-making activities is the most important thing. In fact, without the correct decision of the first two stages, it is impossible to make the right decisions, rather than the execution of the decision.
